Ventilator-associated pneumonia related to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: risk factors and prognosis

Table 3 Multivariable analysis of risk factors of ESBL-E related VAP

Variables	OR	95% CI	p-value
SAPS II at ICU admission	1.00	0.98–1.01	0.90
African origin	1.70	1.07–2.71	0.02
Chronic renal failure	1.31	0.61–2.78	0.48
Immunodeficiency	1.38	0.62–3.09	0.42
Time between intubation and VAP	1.06	1.02–1.09	0.002
Non respiratory SOFA*	1.05	0.92–1.20	0.48
PaO₂/FiO₂*	0.997	0.994–0.999	0.04
ECMO*	0.69	0.29–1.64	0.41
Antibiotics in ICU before VAP	2.23	0.63–7.90	0.21
Fluoroquinolone before VAP	2.59	0.71–9.43	0.14
Co-trimoxazole	3.77	1.15–12.4	0.03
Glycopeptides	1.65	0.58–4.67	0.35

Bold value indicates p < 0.05
African origin denotes North Africa or Sub-Saharan Africa origin; SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; VAP ventilator associated pneumonia, ICU intensive care unit *on the day of VAP

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